Digestive organs of food in Humans

Human digestive devices include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, pylorus, intestines, colon, and anus.

A. Mouth.

 

In the mouth there are:

1. Teeth.

 Teeth are:

 a. Toothbrush, totaling 8 pieces.

 b. Toothache, totaling 4 pieces

 c. The first chapter (premolar), amounted to 8 pieces.

 d. A molar (molar), totaling 12 pieces.

 

Dental function:

 a. Cut and mash the food.

 b. Helps to talk.

2. Tongue.

 The tongue has a taste papilla, which is:

 a. Piliform papillae

 b. Papilla fungformis

 c. Papilla circumvalata

 Tongue function:

 - Help talking.

 - Helps to swallow food.

 - Flipping and moving food during the mastication process.

3. Salivary glands

 

Part of the salivary gland consists of:

 a. Parotid gland: produces fluid.

 b. Siblingualis Gland: secretes water and mucus.

 c. Submaxillary Gland: secretes water and mucus.

 

Spit Function:

 a. Helps dissolve food in the mouth.

 b. Able to kill microorganisms.

 c. Help digest food enzymes.

B. Esophagus (Oesophagus).

Food in the esophagus does not occur in the digestive process, because the esophageal wall does not secrete digestive enzymes.

 

C. Stomach (ventricular)

 

The stomach wall produces:

1. HCl

The function of HCl is:

a. Activating pepsinogen into pepsin, while protein plus pepsin into amino acids.

b. Kill the germs that enter the stomach.

c. Helps in opening and closing pylorus valves.

 

D. Pylorus.

In the pylorus there is a valve called the pylorus valve which opens when the stomach secretes acid, and closes when the pancreas secretes a base.

E. The small intestine.

Small intestine consists of duodenum (12 fingers intestine), jejenum, and illium. In the duodenum empties into glands originating from the liver and gallbladder.

Liver function :

1. Kill the germs (antidote).

2. Changing provitamin A to Vitamin A.

3. Storage of glycogen.

Bile function:

1. Changing substances that are not soluble in water into substances that are soluble in water.

2. Reducing surface tension so that fat turns into fat emulsion.

3. Activate lipase.

4. Helps absorption of Vitamin K.

To aid digestion of food in the small intestine, smooth walls produce:

1. Secretin hormone, functions to stimulate the pancreas to secrete amylase, trypsinogen, and lipase.

2. The hormone cholecytokinin: role stimulates the gallbladder to release bile.

3. Enterokinase.

4. Saccharase enzymes: turn saccharosa into glucose.

5. Maltase: converts maltose into glucose.

6. Lactase: converts lactose to glucose.

Intestinal gums produced by glands: bruner (in duod Weaving) and luberkuhn (in duod weaving, jejangkas, and illium)

Food essence consists of amino acids, glucose, fatty acids, glycerol.

Not experiencing digestion: vitamins and mineral salts.

Food absorption can occur by:

1. Osmosa: hypertonic venous blood plasma becomes water and enters the intestine into blood plasma along with nutrients.

2. Filtration: hydrostatic pressure in the plasma and intestinal wall is greater than the intestinal lumen.

3. Diffusion: the concentration of substances in the intestinal lumen is greater than in the blood, resulting in enlargement into the plasma.

4. Active transport: not influenced by differences in concentration.

F. Large intestine.

In the large intestine, leftover undigested food will be decomposed into feces. Eschereria coli bacteria besides rotting food debris also form vitamin K and are absorbed with water.

 

G. Anus

The anus functions for the process of defecation of faeces (the process of removing impurities from food scraps) with a muscle reaction in the rectal wall, in addition to that the anus functions as a bowel movement.